Cylindrical grinding is carried out on circular grinding machines. The principle of this machine is slightly different to that of grinders designed for surface grinding. In this case, the workpiece to be ground is fixed in a tusk on the grinding table. The rotary motion of the spindle is transmitted to the workpiece via a taker. The speed of this movement is relatively slow, between 10 and 40 m/min. In addition, the workpiece moves with the table in a longitudinal motion at a constant speed. Once the rotating grinding wheel has been brought close to the workpiece and the workpiece has been plunged to the depth of cut, the feed is activated, allowing the mounted shaft to be ground.
Cylindrical grinding – stages.
Shaft grinding can be divided into three stages:
- coarse grinding – in which a surface roughness of 1.25 to 2.5 in accuracy class 8 to 10 is achieved;
- contour grinding – in which a surface roughness between 0,32 and 0,63 is achieved in accuracy classes 7 to 9;
- finishing grinding – in which the surface roughness is obtained in the range from 0.16 to o.32 in accuracy class 5 to 7.
The range of possibilities for shaft grinding.
In axial grinding, the main motion is performed by the grinding wheel, while the feed motion is made up of peripheral feed and axial feed. However, when the grinding wheel is outside the workpiece, a movement called infeed is performed. This is usually equal to the set grinding depth. Usually, several or even more passes are necessary to remove the allowance in shaft grinding. It is important that successive finishing passes are made for very low feed rates. It is assumed that the axial feed rate, as the feed along the wheel axis per workpiece revolution, must not be greater than the width of the grinding wheel used. The appropriate setting of this feed rate has an influence on the achievement of a suitable smoothness of the workpiece surface. Our in-house circular grinding machines are capable of machining shafts with a maximum diameter of up to 280 mm and a maximum workpiece length of up to 1000 mm..
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